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Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07001February 2003 Kernel Parameters v2.5.59
2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3
4The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented
5(mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order
6(defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a
7case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known.
8
9Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the
10parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as:
11
12 modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
13
14Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image
15are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
16'.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as:
17
18 usbcore.blinkenlights=1
19
20The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description state the
21restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The
22restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
23
24 ACPI ACPI support is enabled.
25 ALSA ALSA sound support is enabled.
26 APIC APIC support is enabled.
27 APM Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
28 AX25 Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
29 CD Appropriate CD support is enabled.
30 DEVFS devfs support is enabled.
31 DRM Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
32 EDD BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled
33 EFI EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
34 EIDE EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
35 FB The frame buffer device is enabled.
36 HW Appropriate hardware is enabled.
37 IA-32 IA-32 aka i386 architecture is enabled.
38 IA-64 IA-64 architecture is enabled.
39 IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
40 IP_PNP IP DCHP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
41 ISAPNP ISA PnP code is enabled.
42 ISDN Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
43 JOY Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
44 LP Printer support is enabled.
45 LOOP Loopback device support is enabled.
46 M68k M68k architecture is enabled.
47 These options have more detailed description inside of
48 Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
49 MCA MCA bus support is enabled.
50 MDA MDA console support is enabled.
51 MOUSE Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
52 MTD MTD support is enabled.
53 NET Appropriate network support is enabled.
54 NUMA NUMA support is enabled.
55 NFS Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
56 OSS OSS sound support is enabled.
57 PARIDE The ParIDE subsystem is enabled.
58 PARISC The PA-RISC architecture is enabled.
59 PCI PCI bus support is enabled.
60 PCMCIA The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
61 PNP Plug & Play support is enabled.
62 PPC PowerPC architecture is enabled.
63 PPT Parallel port support is enabled.
64 PS2 Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
65 RAM RAM disk support is enabled.
66 S390 S390 architecture is enabled.
67 SCSI Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
68 A lot of drivers has their options described inside of
69 Documentation/scsi/.
70 SELINUX SELinux support is enabled.
71 SERIAL Serial support is enabled.
72 SMP The kernel is an SMP kernel.
73 SPARC Sparc architecture is enabled.
74 SWSUSP Software suspension is enabled.
75 TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
76 USB USB support is enabled.
77 USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled.
78 V4L Video For Linux support is enabled.
79 VGA The VGA console has been enabled.
80 VT Virtual terminal support is enabled.
81 WDT Watchdog support is enabled.
82 XT IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
83 X86-64 X86-64 architecture is enabled.
84 More X86-64 boot options can be found in
85 Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt .
86
87In addition, the following text indicates that the option:
88
89 BUGS= Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
90 KNL Is a kernel start-up parameter.
91 BOOT Is a boot loader parameter.
92
93Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
94loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
95Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
96need or coordination with <Documentation/i386/boot.txt>.
97
98Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
99a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
100be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
101it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
102running once the system is up.
103
104 53c7xx= [HW,SCSI] Amiga SCSI controllers
105 See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
106 See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
107
108 acpi= [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
109 Format: { force | off | ht | strict }
110 force -- enable ACPI if default was off
111 off -- disable ACPI if default was on
112 noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
113 ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
114 strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
115 strictly ACPI specification compliant.
116
117 See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
118
119 acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
120 Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
121 See Documentation/power/video.txt
122
123 acpi_sci= [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
124 Format: { level | edge | high | low }
125
126 acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI] ACPI will balance active IRQs
127 default in APIC mode
128
129 acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI] ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
130 default in PIC mode
131
132 acpi_irq_pci= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Clear listed IRQs for use by PCI
133 Format: <irq>,<irq>...
134
135 acpi_irq_isa= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Mark listed IRQs used by ISA
136 Format: <irq>,<irq>...
137
138 acpi_osi= [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
139
140 acpi_serialize [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods
141
142 acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
143 Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
144 For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
145
146 acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI]
147 Format: <int>
148 Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug layer,
149 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
150 debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
151 via /proc/acpi/debug_layer.
152
153 acpi_dbg_level= [HW,ACPI]
154 Format: <int>
155 Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug level,
156 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
157 debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
158 via /proc/acpi/debug_level.
159
160 acpi_fake_ecdt [HW,ACPI] Workaround failure due to BIOS lacking ECDT
161
162 ad1816= [HW,OSS]
163 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
164 See also Documentation/sound/oss/AD1816.
165
166 ad1848= [HW,OSS]
167 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type>
168
169 adlib= [HW,OSS]
170 Format: <io>
171
172 advansys= [HW,SCSI]
173 See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
174
175 advwdt= [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT
176 Format: <iostart>,<iostop>
177
178 aedsp16= [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
179 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
180 See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
181
182 aha152x= [HW,SCSI]
183 See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
184
185 aha1542= [HW,SCSI]
186 Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]]
187
188 aic7xxx= [HW,SCSI]
189 See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt.
190
191 aic79xx= [HW,SCSI]
192 See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
193
194 AM53C974= [HW,SCSI]
195 Format: <host-scsi-id>,<target-scsi-id>,<max-rate>,<max-offset>
196 See also header of drivers/scsi/AM53C974.c.
197
198 amijoy.map= [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
199 Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
200 Format: <a>,<b>
201 See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt
202
203 analog.map= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
204 Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
205 connected to one of 16 gameports
206 Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
207
208 apc= [HW,SPARC] Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
209 Format: noidle
210 Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
211 not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
212 APC and your system crashes randomly.
213
214 apic= [APIC,i386] Change the output verbosity whilst booting
215 Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
216 Change the amount of debugging information output
217 when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
218
219 apm= [APM] Advanced Power Management
220 See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
221
222 applicom= [HW]
223 Format: <mem>,<irq>
224
225 arcrimi= [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
226 Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
227
228 ataflop= [HW,M68k]
229
230 atarimouse= [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
231
232 atascsi= [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI
233
234 atkbd.extra= [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess,
235 EzKey and similar keyboards
236
237 atkbd.reset= [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
238
239 atkbd.set= [HW] Select keyboard code set
240 Format: <int> (2 = AT (default) 3 = PS/2)
241
242 atkbd.scroll= [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar
243 keyboards
244
245 atkbd.softraw= [HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode
246 Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
247
248 atkbd.softrepeat=
249 [HW] Use software keyboard repeat
250
251 autotest [IA64]
252
253 awe= [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth
254 Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp>
255
256 aztcd= [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
257 Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
258
259 baycom_epp= [HW,AX25]
260 Format: <io>,<mode>
261
262 baycom_par= [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
263 Format: <io>,<mode>
264 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
265
266 baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
267 Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
268 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
269
270 baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
271 Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
272 See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
273
274 blkmtd_device= [HW,MTD]
275 blkmtd_erasesz=
276 blkmtd_ro=
277 blkmtd_bs=
278 blkmtd_count=
279
280 bttv.card= [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
281 bttv.radio= Most important insmod options are available as kernel args too.
282 bttv.pll= See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
283 bttv.tuner= and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
284
285 BusLogic= [HW,SCSI]
286 See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function
287 BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions().
288
289 c101= [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
290
291 cachesize= [BUGS=IA-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
292 Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
293 size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
294 to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
295 possible to determine what the correct size should be.
296 This option provides an override for these situations.
297
298 cdu31a= [HW,CD]
299 Format: <io>,<irq>[,PAS]
300 See header of drivers/cdrom/cdu31a.c.
301
302 chandev= [HW,NET] Generic channel device initialisation
303
304 checkreqprot [SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value.
305 Format: { "0" | "1" }
306 See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
307 0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes any implied execute protection).
308 1 -- check protection requested by application.
309 Default value is set via a kernel config option.
310 Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/checkreqprot.
311
312 clock= [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday timesource override.
313 Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used
314 when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified timesource
315 is not avalible, it defaults to PIT.
316 Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
317
318 hpet= [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
319 Format: disable
320
321 cm206= [HW,CD]
322 Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
323
324 com20020= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
325 Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
326
327 com90io= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
328 Format: <io>[,<irq>]
329
330 com90xx= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
331 Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
332
333 condev= [HW,S390] console device
334 conmode=
335
336 console= [KNL] Output console device and options.
337
338 tty<n> Use the virtual console device <n>.
339
340 ttyS<n>[,options]
341 Use the specified serial port. The options are of
342 the form "bbbbpn", where "bbbb" is the baud rate,
343 "p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), and "n" is bits.
344 Default is "9600n8".
345
346 See also Documentation/serial-console.txt.
347
348 uart,io,<addr>[,options]
349 uart,mmio,<addr>[,options]
350 Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
351 UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address,
352 switching to the matching ttyS device later. The
353 options are the same as for ttyS, above.
354
355 cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
356 Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
357
358 cpia_pp= [HW,PPT]
359 Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
360
Eric W. Biedermandc009d92005-06-25 14:57:52 -0700361 crashkernel=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
362 [KNL] Reserve a chunk of physical memory to
363 hold a kernel to switch to with kexec on panic.
364
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700365 cs4232= [HW,OSS]
366 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
367
368 cs89x0_dma= [HW,NET]
369 Format: <dma>
370
371 cs89x0_media= [HW,NET]
372 Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
373
374 cyclades= [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
375
376 dasd= [HW,NET]
377 See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
378
379 db9.dev[2|3]= [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
380 (one device per port)
381 Format: <port#>,<type>
382 See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
383
384 debug [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
385
386 decnet= [HW,NET]
387 Format: <area>[,<node>]
388 See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
389
390 devfs= [DEVFS]
391 See Documentation/filesystems/devfs/boot-options.
392
393 dhash_entries= [KNL]
394 Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
395
396 digi= [HW,SERIAL]
397 IO parameters + enable/disable command.
398
399 digiepca= [HW,SERIAL]
400 See drivers/char/README.epca and
401 Documentation/digiepca.txt.
402
403 dmascc= [HW,AX25,SERIAL] AX.25 Z80SCC driver with DMA
404 support available.
405 Format: <io_dev0>[,<io_dev1>[,..<io_dev32>]]
406
407 dmasound= [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers
408
409 dscc4.setup= [NET]
410
411 dtc3181e= [HW,SCSI]
412
413 earlyprintk= [IA-32, X86-64]
414 earlyprintk=vga
415 earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
416
417 Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console
418 takes over.
419
420 Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
421
422 Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
423
424 Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
425 very good.
426
427 The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real
428 console.
429
430 eata= [HW,SCSI]
431
432 eda= [HW,PS2]
433
434 edb= [HW,PS2]
435
436 edd= [EDD]
437 Format: {"of[f]" | "sk[ipmbr]"}
438 See comment in arch/i386/boot/edd.S
439
440 eicon= [HW,ISDN]
441 Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
442
443 eisa_irq_edge= [PARISC,HW]
444 See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
445
446 elanfreq= [IA-32]
447 See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
448 arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
449
450 elevator= [IOSCHED]
451 Format: {"as"|"cfq"|"deadline"|"noop"}
452 See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt
453 and Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
Vivek Goyal2030eae2005-06-25 14:58:20 -0700454 elfcorehdr= [IA-32]
455 Specifies physical address of start of kernel core image
456 elf header.
457 See Documentation/kdump.txt for details.
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700458
459 enforcing [SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status.
460 Format: {"0" | "1"}
461 See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
462 0 -- permissive (log only, no denials).
463 1 -- enforcing (deny and log).
464 Default value is 0.
465 Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/enforce.
466
467 es1370= [HW,OSS]
468 Format: <lineout>[,<micbias>]
469 See also header of sound/oss/es1370.c.
470
471 es1371= [HW,OSS]
472 Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
473 See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
474
475 ether= [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
476 This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
477 has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
478
479 eurwdt= [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog.
480 Format: <io>[,<irq>]
481
482 fd_mcs= [HW,SCSI]
483 See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c.
484
485 fdomain= [HW,SCSI]
486 See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.
487
488 floppy= [HW]
489 See Documentation/floppy.txt.
490
491 ftape= [HW] Floppy Tape subsystem debugging options.
492 See Documentation/ftape.txt.
493
494 gamecon.map[2|3]=
495 [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
496 support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
497 Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
498 See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
499
500 gamma= [HW,DRM]
501
502 gdth= [HW,SCSI]
503 See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c.
504
505 gpt [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
506 invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT.
507
508 gscd= [HW,CD]
509 Format: <io>
510
511 gt96100eth= [NET] MIPS GT96100 Advanced Communication Controller
512
513 gus= [HW,OSS]
514 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>
515
516 gvp11= [HW,SCSI]
517
518 hashdist= [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
519 are distributed across NUMA nodes. Defaults on
520 for IA-64, off otherwise.
521
522 hcl= [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
523
524 hd= [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
525 Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
526
527 hd?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
528 hd?lun= See Documentation/ide.txt.
529
530 highmem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact
531 size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no
532 highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem
533 size on bigger boxes.
534
535 hisax= [HW,ISDN]
536 See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
537
538 hugepages= [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
539
540 noirqbalance [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
541
542 i8042.direct [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
543 i8042.dumbkbd [HW] Pretend that controlled can only read data from
544 keyboard and can not control its state
545 (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
546 i8042.noaux [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
547 i8042.nomux [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
548 controller
549 i8042.nopnp [HW] Don't use ACPIPnP / PnPBIOS to discover KBD/AUX
550 controllers
551 i8042.panicblink=
552 [HW] Frequency with which keyboard LEDs should blink
553 when kernel panics (default is 0.5 sec)
554 i8042.reset [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup
555 i8042.unlock [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
556
557 i810= [HW,DRM]
558
Dmitry Torokhove70c9d52005-06-25 14:54:25 -0700559 i8k.ignore_dmi [HW] Continue probing hardware even if DMI data
560 indicates that the driver is running on unsupported
561 hardware.
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700562 i8k.force [HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature
563 does not match list of supported models.
564 i8k.power_status
565 [HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k
566 (disabled by default)
567 i8k.restricted [HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN
568 capability is set.
569
570 ibmmcascsi= [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter
571 See Documentation/mca.txt.
572
573 icn= [HW,ISDN]
574 Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
575
576 ide= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
577 Format: ide=nodma or ide=doubler or ide=reverse
578 See Documentation/ide.txt.
579
580 ide?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
581 Format: ide?=noprobe or chipset specific parameters.
582 See Documentation/ide.txt.
583
584 idebus= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
585 See Documentation/ide.txt.
586
587 idle= [HW]
588 Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
589
590 ihash_entries= [KNL]
591 Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
592
593 in2000= [HW,SCSI]
594 See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c.
595
596 init= [KNL]
597 Format: <full_path>
598 Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
599 process.
600
601 initcall_debug [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed. Useful
602 for working out where the kernel is dying during
603 startup.
604
605 initrd= [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
606
607 inport.irq= [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
608 Format: <irq>
609
610 inttest= [IA64]
611
612 io7= [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
613 See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
614 arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
615
616 ip= [IP_PNP]
617 See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
618
619 ip2= [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards
620 See comment before ip2_setup() in drivers/char/ip2.c.
621
622 ips= [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller
623 See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c.
624
625 isapnp= [ISAPNP]
626 Format: <RDP>, <reset>, <pci_scan>, <verbosity>
627
628 isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
629 Format: <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
630 This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
631 to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
632 algorithms. The only way to move a process onto or off
633 an "isolated" CPU is via the CPU affinity syscalls.
634 <cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
635 "number of CPUs in system - 1".
636
637 This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
638 alternative - manually setting the CPU mask of all tasks
639 in the system can cause problems and suboptimal load
640 balancer performance.
641
642 isp16= [HW,CD]
643 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
644
645 iucv= [HW,NET]
646
647 js= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
648 See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
649
650 keepinitrd [HW,ARM]
651
652 kstack=N [IA-32, X86-64] Print N words from the kernel stack
653 in oops dumps.
654
655 l2cr= [PPC]
656
657 lapic [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it.
658
659 lasi= [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
660 Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
661
662 llsc*= [IA64]
663 See function print_params() in arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
664
665 load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
666 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
667
668 lockd.udpport= [NFS]
669
670 lockd.tcpport= [NFS]
671
672 logibm.irq= [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
673 Format: <irq>
674
675 loglevel= All Kernel Messages with a loglevel smaller than the
676 console loglevel will be printed to the console. It can
677 also be changed with klogd or other programs. The
678 loglevels are defined as follows:
679
680 0 (KERN_EMERG) system is unusable
681 1 (KERN_ALERT) action must be taken immediately
682 2 (KERN_CRIT) critical conditions
683 3 (KERN_ERR) error conditions
684 4 (KERN_WARNING) warning conditions
685 5 (KERN_NOTICE) normal but significant condition
686 6 (KERN_INFO) informational
687 7 (KERN_DEBUG) debug-level messages
688
689 log_buf_len=n Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
690 Format is n, nk, nM. n must be a power of two. The
691 default is set in kernel config.
692
693 lp=0 [LP] Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
694 lp=port[,port...] lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
695 lp=reset first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
696 lp=auto printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
697 specified in addition to the ports) causes
698 attached printers to be reset. Using
699 lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
700 to associate lp devices with, starting with
701 lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
702 that lp device, or a parport name such as
703 'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
704 port specification list means that device IDs
705 from each port should be examined, to see if
706 an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
707 so, the driver will manage that printer.
708 See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
709
710 lpj=n [KNL]
711 Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding
712 time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per
713 CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
714 the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal
715 autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that
716 on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs,
717 which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need
718 significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value
719 will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to
720 unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although
721 unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your
722 hardware.
723
724 ltpc= [NET]
725 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
726
727 mac5380= [HW,SCSI]
728 Format: <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
729
730 mac53c9x= [HW,SCSI]
731 Format: <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
732
733 machvec= [IA64]
734 Force the use of a particular machine-vector (machvec) in a generic
735 kernel. Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
736
737 mad16= [HW,OSS]
738 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick>
739
740 maui= [HW,OSS]
741 Format: <io>,<irq>
742
743 max_loop= [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
744 be mounted
745 Format: <1-256>
746
747 maxcpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
748 should make use of
749
750 max_luns= [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe
751 Should be between 1 and 2^32-1.
752
753 max_report_luns=
754 [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received
755 Should be between 1 and 16384.
756
757 mca-pentium [BUGS=IA-32]
758
759 mcatest= [IA-64]
760
761 mcd= [HW,CD]
762 Format: <port>,<irq>,<mitsumi_bug_93_wait>
763
764 mcdx= [HW,CD]
765
766 mce [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
767
768 md= [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
769 See Documentation/md.txt.
770
771 mdacon= [MDA]
772 Format: <first>,<last>
773 Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
774
775 mem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
776 Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
777 to see the whole system memory or for test.
778 [IA-32] Use together with memmap= to avoid physical
779 address space collisions. Without memmap= PCI devices
780 could be placed at addresses belonging to unused RAM.
781
782 mem=nopentium [BUGS=IA-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
783 memory.
784
785 memmap=exactmap [KNL,IA-32] Enable setting of an exact
786 E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
787 Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
788 BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
789 option description.
790
791 memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
792 [KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory
793 Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
794
795 memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
796 [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
797 Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
798
799 memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
800 [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
801 Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
802
803 meye.*= [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
804 See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
805
806 mga= [HW,DRM]
807
808 mousedev.tap_time=
809 [MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and
810 leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered
811 a tap and be reported as a left button click (for
812 touchpads working in absolute mode only).
813 Format: <msecs>
814 mousedev.xres= [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
815 reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
816 mousedev.yres= [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
817 reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
818
819 mpu401= [HW,OSS]
820 Format: <io>,<irq>
821
822 MTD_Partition= [MTD]
823 Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
824
825 MTD_Region= [MTD]
826 Format: <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
827
828 mtdparts= [MTD]
829 See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
830
831 mtouchusb.raw_coordinates=
832 [HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates ('y', default)
833 or cooked coordinates ('n')
834
835 n2= [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
836
837 NCR_D700= [HW,SCSI]
838 See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c.
839
840 ncr5380= [HW,SCSI]
841
842 ncr53c400= [HW,SCSI]
843
844 ncr53c400a= [HW,SCSI]
845
846 ncr53c406a= [HW,SCSI]
847
848 ncr53c8xx= [HW,SCSI]
849
850 netdev= [NET] Network devices parameters
851 Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
852 Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
853 something different and driver-specific.
854
855 nfsaddrs= [NFS]
856 See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
857
858 nfsroot= [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
859 See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
860
861 nmi_watchdog= [KNL,BUGS=IA-32] Debugging features for SMP kernels
862
863 no387 [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
864 emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
865 is present.
866
867 noalign [KNL,ARM]
868
869 noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
870 IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
871
872 noasync [HW,M68K] Disables async and sync negotiation for
873 all devices.
874
875 nobats [PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem
876 on "Classic" PPC cores.
877
878 nocache [ARM]
879
880 nodisconnect [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
881
882 noexec [IA-64]
883
884 noexec [IA-32, X86-64]
885 noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
886 noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings
887
888 nofxsr [BUGS=IA-32]
889
890 nohlt [BUGS=ARM]
891
892 no-hlt [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
893 instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
894 use it.
895
896 nohalt [IA-64] Tells the kernel not to use the power saving
897 function PAL_HALT_LIGHT when idle. This increases
898 power-consumption. On the positive side, it reduces
899 interrupt wake-up latency, which may improve performance
900 in certain environments such as networked servers or
901 real-time systems.
902
903 noirqdebug [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
904 disable unhandled interrupt sources.
905
906 noisapnp [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
907
908 noinitrd [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
909 initial RAM disk.
910
911 nointroute [IA-64]
912
913 nolapic [IA-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
914
915 noltlbs [PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel
916 lowmem mapping on PPC40x.
917
918 nomce [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
919
920 noresidual [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines.
921
922 noresume [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restore original swap space.
923
924 no-scroll [VGA] Disables scrollback.
925 This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
926 reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
927
928 nosbagart [IA-64]
929
930 nosmp [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel.
931
932 nosync [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
933
934 notsc [BUGS=IA-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
935
936 nousb [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
937
938 nowb [ARM]
939
940 opl3= [HW,OSS]
941 Format: <io>
942
943 opl3sa= [HW,OSS]
944 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
945
946 opl3sa2= [HW,OSS]
947 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
948
949 oprofile.timer= [HW]
950 Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
951
952 optcd= [HW,CD]
953 Format: <io>
954
955 osst= [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver
956 Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold>
957 See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
958
959 panic= [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic
960 Format: <timeout>
961
962 parkbd.port= [HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is
963 connected to, default is 0.
964 Format: <parport#>
965 parkbd.mode= [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
966 0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
967 Format: <mode>
968
969 parport=0 [HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
970 parport=auto Use 'auto' to force the driver to use
971 parport=0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] any IRQ/DMA settings detected (the
972 default is to ignore detected IRQ/DMA
973 settings because of possible
974 conflicts). You can specify the base
975 address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and
976 DMA should be numbers, or 'auto' (for
977 using detected settings on that
978 particular port), or 'nofifo' (to avoid
979 using a FIFO even if it is detected).
980 Parallel ports are assigned in the
981 order they are specified on the command
982 line, starting with parport0.
983
984 parport_init_mode=
985 [HW,PPT] Configure VIA parallel port to
986 operate in specific mode. This is
987 necessary on Pegasos computer where
988 firmware has no options for setting up
989 parallel port mode and sets it to
990 spp. Currently this function knows
991 686a and 8231 chips.
992 Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
993
994 pas2= [HW,OSS]
995 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
996
997 pas16= [HW,SCSI]
998 See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
999
1000 pcbit= [HW,ISDN]
1001
1002 pcd. [PARIDE]
1003 See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
1004 See also Documentation/paride.txt.
1005
1006 pci=option[,option...] [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
1007 off [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
1008 bios [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
1009 the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
1010 has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
1011 nobios [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
1012 hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
1013 if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
1014 suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
1015 conf1 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 1.
1016 conf2 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 2.
1017 nosort [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
1018 order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is done
1019 to get a device order compatible with older kernels.
1020 biosirq [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
1021 routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
1022 on several machines and they hang the machine when used,
1023 but on other computers it's the only way to get the
1024 interrupt routing table. Try this option if the kernel
1025 is unable to allocate IRQs or discover secondary PCI
1026 buses on your motherboard.
1027 rom [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
1028 Use with caution as certain devices share address
1029 decoders between ROMs and other resources.
1030 irqmask=0xMMMM [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be assigned
1031 automatically to PCI devices. You can make the kernel
1032 exclude IRQs of your ISA cards this way.
1033 lastbus=N [IA-32] Scan all buses till bus #N. Can be useful
1034 if the kernel is unable to find your secondary buses
1035 and you want to tell it explicitly which ones they are.
1036 assign-busses [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
1037 numbers ourselves, overriding
1038 whatever the firmware may have
1039 done.
1040 usepirqmask [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask
1041 stored in the BIOS $PIR table. This is
1042 needed on some systems with broken
1043 BIOSes, notably some HP Pavilion N5400
1044 and Omnibook XE3 notebooks. This will
1045 have no effect if ACPI IRQ routing is
1046 enabled.
1047 noacpi [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
1048 or for PCI scanning.
1049 routeirq Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
1050 This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
1051 so this option is a temporary workaround
1052 for broken drivers that don't call it.
1053
1054 firmware [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but
1055 instead just use the configuration
1056 from the bootloader. This is currently
1057 used on IXP2000 systems where the
1058 bus has to be configured a certain way
1059 for adjunct CPUs.
1060
1061 pcmv= [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
1062
1063 pd. [PARIDE]
1064 See Documentation/paride.txt.
1065
1066 pdcchassis= [PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
1067 boot time.
1068 Format: { 0 | 1 }
1069 See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
1070
1071 pf. [PARIDE]
1072 See Documentation/paride.txt.
1073
1074 pg. [PARIDE]
1075 See Documentation/paride.txt.
1076
1077 pirq= [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
1078 See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
1079
1080 plip= [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
1081 Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
1082 See also Documentation/parport.txt.
1083
1084 pnpacpi= [ACPI]
1085 { off }
1086
1087 pnpbios= [ISAPNP]
1088 { on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
1089
1090 pnp_reserve_irq=
1091 [ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
1092
1093 pnp_reserve_dma=
1094 [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
1095
1096 pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
1097 Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
1098
1099 pnp_reserve_mem=
1100 [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the autoconfiguration
1101 Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
1102
1103 profile= [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
1104 { schedule | <number> }
1105 (param: schedule - profile schedule points}
1106 (param: profile step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
1107 statistical time based profiling)
1108
1109 processor.max_cstate= [HW, ACPI]
1110 Limit processor to maximum C-state
1111 max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
1112
1113 prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
1114 before loading.
1115 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1116
1117 psmouse.proto= [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
1118 probe for (bare|imps|exps).
1119 psmouse.rate= [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
1120 per second.
1121 psmouse.resetafter=
1122 [HW,MOUSE] Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
1123 (0 = never).
1124 psmouse.resolution=
1125 [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
1126 psmouse.smartscroll=
1127 [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat,
1128 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
1129
1130 pss= [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
1131 Format: <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1132
1133 pt. [PARIDE]
1134 See Documentation/paride.txt.
1135
1136 quiet= [KNL] Disable log messages
1137
1138 r128= [HW,DRM]
1139
1140 raid= [HW,RAID]
1141 See Documentation/md.txt.
1142
1143 ramdisk= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
1144 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1145
1146 ramdisk_blocksize=
1147 [RAM]
1148 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1149
1150 ramdisk_size= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
1151 New name for the ramdisk parameter.
1152 See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1153
1154 reboot= [BUGS=IA-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
1155 Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
1156 See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c.
1157
1158 reserve= [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
1159
1160 resume= [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspension
1161
1162 rhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
1163 Set number of hash buckets for route cache
1164
1165 riscom8= [HW,SERIAL]
1166 Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]]
1167
1168 ro [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
1169
1170 root= [KNL] Root filesystem
1171
1172 rootdelay= [KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
1173 mount the root filesystem
1174
1175 rootflags= [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
1176
1177 rootfstype= [KNL] Set root filesystem type
1178
1179 rw [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
1180
1181 S [KNL] Run init in single mode
1182
1183 sa1100ir [NET]
1184 See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
1185
1186 sb= [HW,OSS]
1187 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1188
1189 sbni= [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
1190
1191 sbpcd= [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
1192 Format: <io>,<type>
1193 See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
1194 drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.c.
1195
1196 sc1200wdt= [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver
1197 Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]]
1198
1199 scsi_debug_*= [SCSI]
1200 See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c.
1201
1202 scsi_default_dev_flags=
1203 [SCSI] SCSI default device flags
1204 Format: <integer>
1205
1206 scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model
1207 Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags>
1208 (flags are integer value)
1209
1210 scsi_logging= [SCSI]
1211
1212 selinux [SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time.
1213 Format: { "0" | "1" }
1214 See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
1215 0 -- disable.
1216 1 -- enable.
1217 Default value is set via kernel config option.
1218 If enabled at boot time, /selinux/disable can be used
1219 later to disable prior to initial policy load.
1220
1221 serialnumber [BUGS=IA-32]
1222
1223 sg_def_reserved_size=
1224 [SCSI]
1225
1226 sgalaxy= [HW,OSS]
1227 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase>
1228
1229 shapers= [NET]
1230 Maximal number of shapers.
1231
1232 sim710= [SCSI,HW]
1233 See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
1234
1235 simeth= [IA-64]
1236 simscsi=
1237
1238 sjcd= [HW,CD]
1239 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
1240 See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
1241
1242 slram= [HW,MTD]
1243
1244 smart2= [HW]
1245 Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
1246
1247 snd-ad1816a= [HW,ALSA]
1248
1249 snd-ad1848= [HW,ALSA]
1250
1251 snd-ali5451= [HW,ALSA]
1252
1253 snd-als100= [HW,ALSA]
1254
1255 snd-als4000= [HW,ALSA]
1256
1257 snd-azt2320= [HW,ALSA]
1258
1259 snd-cmi8330= [HW,ALSA]
1260
1261 snd-cmipci= [HW,ALSA]
1262
1263 snd-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
1264
1265 snd-cs4232= [HW,ALSA]
1266
1267 snd-cs4236= [HW,ALSA]
1268
1269 snd-cs4281= [HW,ALSA]
1270
1271 snd-cs46xx= [HW,ALSA]
1272
1273 snd-dt019x= [HW,ALSA]
1274
1275 snd-dummy= [HW,ALSA]
1276
1277 snd-emu10k1= [HW,ALSA]
1278
1279 snd-ens1370= [HW,ALSA]
1280
1281 snd-ens1371= [HW,ALSA]
1282
1283 snd-es968= [HW,ALSA]
1284
1285 snd-es1688= [HW,ALSA]
1286
1287 snd-es18xx= [HW,ALSA]
1288
1289 snd-es1938= [HW,ALSA]
1290
1291 snd-es1968= [HW,ALSA]
1292
1293 snd-fm801= [HW,ALSA]
1294
1295 snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA]
1296
1297 snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA]
1298
1299 snd-gusmax= [HW,ALSA]
1300
1301 snd-hdsp= [HW,ALSA]
1302
1303 snd-ice1712= [HW,ALSA]
1304
1305 snd-intel8x0= [HW,ALSA]
1306
1307 snd-interwave= [HW,ALSA]
1308
1309 snd-interwave-stb=
1310 [HW,ALSA]
1311
1312 snd-korg1212= [HW,ALSA]
1313
1314 snd-maestro3= [HW,ALSA]
1315
1316 snd-mpu401= [HW,ALSA]
1317
1318 snd-mtpav= [HW,ALSA]
1319
1320 snd-nm256= [HW,ALSA]
1321
1322 snd-opl3sa2= [HW,ALSA]
1323
1324 snd-opti92x-ad1848=
1325 [HW,ALSA]
1326
1327 snd-opti92x-cs4231=
1328 [HW,ALSA]
1329
1330 snd-opti93x= [HW,ALSA]
1331
1332 snd-pmac= [HW,ALSA]
1333
1334 snd-rme32= [HW,ALSA]
1335
1336 snd-rme96= [HW,ALSA]
1337
1338 snd-rme9652= [HW,ALSA]
1339
1340 snd-sb8= [HW,ALSA]
1341
1342 snd-sb16= [HW,ALSA]
1343
1344 snd-sbawe= [HW,ALSA]
1345
1346 snd-serial= [HW,ALSA]
1347
1348 snd-sgalaxy= [HW,ALSA]
1349
1350 snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA]
1351
1352 snd-sun-amd7930=
1353 [HW,ALSA]
1354
1355 snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
1356
1357 snd-trident= [HW,ALSA]
1358
1359 snd-usb-audio= [HW,ALSA,USB]
1360
1361 snd-via82xx= [HW,ALSA]
1362
1363 snd-virmidi= [HW,ALSA]
1364
1365 snd-wavefront= [HW,ALSA]
1366
1367 snd-ymfpci= [HW,ALSA]
1368
1369 sonicvibes= [HW,OSS]
1370 Format: <reverb>
1371
1372 sonycd535= [HW,CD]
1373 Format: <io>[,<irq>]
1374
1375 sonypi.*= [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
1376 See Documentation/sonypi.txt
1377
1378 specialix= [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter
1379 See Documentation/specialix.txt.
1380
1381 spia_io_base= [HW,MTD]
1382 spia_fio_base=
1383 spia_pedr=
1384 spia_peddr=
1385
1386 sscape= [HW,OSS]
1387 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1388
1389 st= [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
1390 See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
1391
1392 st0x= [HW,SCSI]
1393 See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1394
1395 sti= [PARISC,HW]
1396 Format: <num>
1397 Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
1398 machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
1399 as the initial boot-console.
1400 See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1401
1402 sti_font= [HW]
1403 See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1404
1405 stifb= [HW]
1406 Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
1407
1408 stram_swap= [HW,M68k]
1409
1410 swiotlb= [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
1411
1412 switches= [HW,M68k]
1413
1414 sym53c416= [HW,SCSI]
1415 See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c.
1416
1417 t128= [HW,SCSI]
1418 See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c.
1419
1420 tdfx= [HW,DRM]
1421
1422 thash_entries= [KNL,NET]
1423 Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
1424
1425 time Show timing data prefixed to each printk message line
1426
1427 tipar.timeout= [HW,PPT]
1428 Set communications timeout in tenths of a second
1429 (default 15).
1430
1431 tipar.delay= [HW,PPT]
1432 Set inter-bit delay in microseconds (default 10).
1433
1434 tmc8xx= [HW,SCSI]
1435 See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1436
1437 tmscsim= [HW,SCSI]
1438 See comment before function dc390_setup() in
1439 drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c.
1440
1441 tp720= [HW,PS2]
1442
1443 trix= [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
1444 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1445
1446 tsdev.xres= [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
1447 tsdev.yres= [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
1448
1449 turbografx.map[2|3]=
1450 [HW,JOY] TurboGraFX parallel port interface
1451 Format: <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
1452 See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
1453
1454 u14-34f= [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
1455 See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c.
1456
1457 uart401= [HW,OSS]
1458 Format: <io>,<irq>
1459
1460 uart6850= [HW,OSS]
1461 Format: <io>,<irq>
1462
1463 usb-handoff [HW] Enable early USB BIOS -> OS handoff
1464
1465 usbhid.mousepoll=
1466 [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at.
1467
1468 video= [FB] Frame buffer configuration
1469 See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
1470
1471 vga= [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
1472 See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and Documentation/svga.txt.
1473 Use vga=ask for menu.
1474 This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
1475 passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
1476
1477 vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
1478 size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
1479 minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
1480 decrease the size and leave more room for directly
1481 mapped kernel RAM.
1482
1483 vmhalt= [KNL,S390]
1484
1485 vmpoff= [KNL,S390]
1486
1487 waveartist= [HW,OSS]
1488 Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1489
1490 wd33c93= [HW,SCSI]
1491 See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
1492
1493 wd7000= [HW,SCSI]
1494 See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c.
1495
1496 wdt= [WDT] Watchdog
1497 See Documentation/watchdog/watchdog.txt.
1498
1499 xd= [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks.
1500 xd_geo= See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
1501
1502 xirc2ps_cs= [NET,PCMCIA]
1503 Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
1504
1505
1506
1507Changelog:
1508
1509 The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before.
1510 2000-06-?? Mr. Unknown
1511
1512 Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced,
1513 references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390,
1514 PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and
1515 reformatting.
1516 2002-11-24 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
1517 Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net>
1518
1519TODO:
1520
1521 Add documentation for ALSA options.
1522 Add more DRM drivers.