Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame^] | 1 | |
| 2 | "This software program is licensed subject to the GNU General Public License |
| 3 | (GPL). Version 2, June 1991, available at |
| 4 | <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html>" |
| 5 | |
| 6 | GNU General Public License |
| 7 | |
| 8 | Version 2, June 1991 |
| 9 | |
| 10 | Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| 11 | 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA |
| 12 | |
| 13 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license |
| 14 | document, but changing it is not allowed. |
| 15 | |
| 16 | Preamble |
| 17 | |
| 18 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to |
| 19 | share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended |
| 20 | to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure |
| 21 | the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies |
| 22 | to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program |
| 23 | whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation |
| 24 | software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You |
| 25 | can apply it to your programs, too. |
| 26 | |
| 27 | When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our |
| 28 | General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom |
| 29 | to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you |
| 30 | wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you |
| 31 | can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that |
| 32 | you know you can do these things. |
| 33 | |
| 34 | To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to |
| 35 | deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These |
| 36 | restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute |
| 37 | copies of the software, or if you modify it. |
| 38 | |
| 39 | For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or |
| 40 | for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You |
| 41 | must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you |
| 42 | must show them these terms so they know their rights. |
| 43 | |
| 44 | We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) |
| 45 | offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute |
| 46 | and/or modify the software. |
| 47 | |
| 48 | Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that |
| 49 | everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If |
| 50 | the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its |
| 51 | recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any |
| 52 | problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' |
| 53 | reputations. |
| 54 | |
| 55 | Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We |
| 56 | wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will |
| 57 | individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program |
| 58 | proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be |
| 59 | licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. |
| 60 | |
| 61 | The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification |
| 62 | follow. |
| 63 | |
| 64 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION |
| 65 | |
| 66 | 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice |
| 67 | placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the |
| 68 | terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any |
| 69 | such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the |
| 70 | Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a |
| 71 | work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with |
| 72 | modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, |
| 73 | translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) |
| 74 | Each licensee is addressed as "you". |
| 75 | |
| 76 | Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not |
| 77 | covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running |
| 78 | the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered |
| 79 | only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent |
| 80 | of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends |
| 81 | on what the Program does. |
| 82 | |
| 83 | 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code |
| 84 | as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and |
| 85 | appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and |
| 86 | disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this |
| 87 | License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients |
| 88 | of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. |
| 89 | |
| 90 | You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you |
| 91 | may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. |
| 92 | |
| 93 | 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, |
| 94 | thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such |
| 95 | modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that |
| 96 | you also meet all of these conditions: |
| 97 | |
| 98 | * a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating |
| 99 | that you changed the files and the date of any change. |
| 100 | |
| 101 | * b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in |
| 102 | whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part |
| 103 | thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties |
| 104 | under the terms of this License. |
| 105 | |
| 106 | * c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when |
| 107 | run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive |
| 108 | use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement |
| 109 | including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is |
| 110 | no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that |
| 111 | users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and |
| 112 | telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if |
| 113 | the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such |
| 114 | an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to |
| 115 | print an announcement.) |
| 116 | |
| 117 | These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable |
| 118 | sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be |
| 119 | reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then |
| 120 | this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you |
| 121 | distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same |
| 122 | sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the |
| 123 | distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose |
| 124 | permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to |
| 125 | each and every part regardless of who wrote it. |
| 126 | |
| 127 | Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest |
| 128 | your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to |
| 129 | exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or |
| 130 | collective works based on the Program. |
| 131 | |
| 132 | In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program |
| 133 | with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a |
| 134 | storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the |
| 135 | scope of this License. |
| 136 | |
| 137 | 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under |
| 138 | Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections |
| 139 | 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: |
| 140 | |
| 141 | * a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source |
| 142 | code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 |
| 143 | above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, |
| 144 | |
| 145 | * b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, |
| 146 | to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of |
| 147 | physically performing source distribution, a complete machine- |
| 148 | readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed |
| 149 | under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily |
| 150 | used for software interchange; or, |
| 151 | |
| 152 | * c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to |
| 153 | distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed |
| 154 | only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the |
| 155 | program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in |
| 156 | accord with Subsection b above.) |
| 157 | |
| 158 | The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for |
| 159 | making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code |
| 160 | means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any |
| 161 | associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control |
| 162 | compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special |
| 163 | exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is |
| 164 | normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major |
| 165 | components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which |
| 166 | the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the |
| 167 | executable. |
| 168 | |
| 169 | If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access |
| 170 | to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy |
| 171 | the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source |
| 172 | code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source |
| 173 | along with the object code. |
| 174 | |
| 175 | 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as |
| 176 | expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, |
| 177 | modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will |
| 178 | automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties |
| 179 | who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not |
| 180 | have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full |
| 181 | compliance. |
| 182 | |
| 183 | 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed |
| 184 | it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute |
| 185 | the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law |
| 186 | if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or |
| 187 | distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you |
| 188 | indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and |
| 189 | conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works |
| 190 | based on it. |
| 191 | |
| 192 | 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the |
| 193 | Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the |
| 194 | original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to |
| 195 | these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions |
| 196 | on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not |
| 197 | responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License. |
| 198 | |
| 199 | 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent |
| 200 | infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), |
| 201 | conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or |
| 202 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not |
| 203 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute |
| 204 | so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and |
| 205 | any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not |
| 206 | distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would |
| 207 | not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who |
| 208 | receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you |
| 209 | could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from |
| 210 | distribution of the Program. |
| 211 | |
| 212 | If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any |
| 213 | particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply |
| 214 | and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. |
| 215 | |
| 216 | It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any |
| 217 | patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any |
| 218 | such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the |
| 219 | integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented |
| 220 | by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions |
| 221 | to the wide range of software distributed through that system in |
| 222 | reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the |
| 223 | author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software |
| 224 | through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice. |
| 225 | |
| 226 | This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be |
| 227 | a consequence of the rest of this License. |
| 228 | |
| 229 | 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain |
| 230 | countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original |
| 231 | copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an |
| 232 | explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, |
| 233 | so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus |
| 234 | excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if |
| 235 | written in the body of this License. |
| 236 | |
| 237 | 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of |
| 238 | the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be |
| 239 | similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to |
| 240 | address new problems or concerns. |
| 241 | |
| 242 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program |
| 243 | specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any |
| 244 | later version", you have the option of following the terms and |
| 245 | conditions either of that version or of any later version published by |
| 246 | the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version |
| 247 | number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the |
| 248 | Free Software Foundation. |
| 249 | |
| 250 | 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs |
| 251 | whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask |
| 252 | for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software |
| 253 | Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make |
| 254 | exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of |
| 255 | preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and |
| 256 | of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. |
| 257 | |
| 258 | NO WARRANTY |
| 259 | |
| 260 | 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY |
| 261 | FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN |
| 262 | OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES |
| 263 | PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER |
| 264 | EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED |
| 265 | WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE |
| 266 | ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH |
| 267 | YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL |
| 268 | NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. |
| 269 | |
| 270 | 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING |
| 271 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR |
| 272 | REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR |
| 273 | DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL |
| 274 | DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM |
| 275 | (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED |
| 276 | INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF |
| 277 | THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR |
| 278 | OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. |
| 279 | |
| 280 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS |
| 281 | |
| 282 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs |
| 283 | |
| 284 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest |
| 285 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free |
| 286 | software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. |
| 287 | |
| 288 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to |
| 289 | attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the |
| 290 | exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" |
| 291 | line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. |
| 292 | |
| 293 | one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does. |
| 294 | Copyright (C) yyyy name of author |
| 295 | |
| 296 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it |
| 297 | under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free |
| 298 | Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) |
| 299 | any later version. |
| 300 | |
| 301 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT |
| 302 | ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or |
| 303 | FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for |
| 304 | more details. |
| 305 | |
| 306 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
| 307 | this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 |
| 308 | Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. |
| 309 | |
| 310 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. |
| 311 | |
| 312 | If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when |
| 313 | it starts in an interactive mode: |
| 314 | |
| 315 | Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes |
| 316 | with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type 'show w'. This is free |
| 317 | software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; |
| 318 | type 'show c' for details. |
| 319 | |
| 320 | The hypothetical commands 'show w' and 'show c' should show the appropriate |
| 321 | parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be |
| 322 | called something other than 'show w' and 'show c'; they could even be |
| 323 | mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. |
| 324 | |
| 325 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your |
| 326 | school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if |
| 327 | necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: |
| 328 | |
| 329 | Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program |
| 330 | 'Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. |
| 331 | |
| 332 | signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989 |
| 333 | Ty Coon, President of Vice |
| 334 | |
| 335 | This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into |
| 336 | proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may |
| 337 | consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the |
| 338 | library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public |
| 339 | License instead of this License. |