radix_tree: add support for multi-order entries
With huge pages, it is convenient to have the radix tree be able to
return an entry that covers multiple indices. Previous attempts to deal
with the problem have involved inserting N duplicate entries, which is a
waste of memory and leads to problems trying to handle aliased tags, or
probing the tree multiple times to find alternative entries which might
cover the requested index.
This approach inserts one canonical entry into the tree for a given
range of indices, and may also insert other entries in order to ensure
that lookups find the canonical entry.
This solution only tolerates inserting powers of two that are greater
than the fanout of the tree. If we wish to expand the radix tree's
abilities to support large-ish pages that is less than the fanout at the
penultimate level of the tree, then we would need to add one more step
in lookup to ensure that any sibling nodes in the final level of the
tree are dereferenced and we return the canonical entry that they
reference.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
diff --git a/lib/radix-tree.c b/lib/radix-tree.c
index 9bb440f..d907dca 100644
--- a/lib/radix-tree.c
+++ b/lib/radix-tree.c
@@ -333,7 +333,8 @@
/*
* Extend a radix tree so it can store key @index.
*/
-static int radix_tree_extend(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index)
+static int radix_tree_extend(struct radix_tree_root *root,
+ unsigned long index, unsigned order)
{
struct radix_tree_node *node;
struct radix_tree_node *slot;
@@ -345,7 +346,7 @@
while (index > radix_tree_maxindex(height))
height++;
- if (root->rnode == NULL) {
+ if ((root->rnode == NULL) && (order == 0)) {
root->height = height;
goto out;
}
@@ -386,6 +387,7 @@
* __radix_tree_create - create a slot in a radix tree
* @root: radix tree root
* @index: index key
+ * @order: index occupies 2^order aligned slots
* @nodep: returns node
* @slotp: returns slot
*
@@ -399,26 +401,29 @@
* Returns -ENOMEM, or 0 for success.
*/
int __radix_tree_create(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index,
- struct radix_tree_node **nodep, void ***slotp)
+ unsigned order, struct radix_tree_node **nodep,
+ void ***slotp)
{
struct radix_tree_node *node = NULL, *slot;
unsigned int height, shift, offset;
int error;
+ BUG_ON((0 < order) && (order < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT));
+
/* Make sure the tree is high enough. */
if (index > radix_tree_maxindex(root->height)) {
- error = radix_tree_extend(root, index);
+ error = radix_tree_extend(root, index, order);
if (error)
return error;
}
- slot = indirect_to_ptr(root->rnode);
+ slot = root->rnode;
height = root->height;
shift = height * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
offset = 0; /* uninitialised var warning */
- while (shift > 0) {
+ while (shift > order) {
if (slot == NULL) {
/* Have to add a child node. */
if (!(slot = radix_tree_node_alloc(root)))
@@ -433,15 +438,31 @@
} else
rcu_assign_pointer(root->rnode,
ptr_to_indirect(slot));
- }
+ } else if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(slot))
+ break;
/* Go a level down */
+ height--;
shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
offset = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
- node = slot;
+ node = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
slot = node->slots[offset];
- slot = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
- height--;
+ }
+
+ /* Insert pointers to the canonical entry */
+ if ((shift - order) > 0) {
+ int i, n = 1 << (shift - order);
+ offset = offset & ~(n - 1);
+ slot = ptr_to_indirect(&node->slots[offset]);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ if (node->slots[offset + i])
+ return -EEXIST;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+ rcu_assign_pointer(node->slots[offset + i], slot);
+ node->count++;
+ }
}
if (nodep)
@@ -452,15 +473,16 @@
}
/**
- * radix_tree_insert - insert into a radix tree
+ * __radix_tree_insert - insert into a radix tree
* @root: radix tree root
* @index: index key
+ * @order: key covers the 2^order indices around index
* @item: item to insert
*
* Insert an item into the radix tree at position @index.
*/
-int radix_tree_insert(struct radix_tree_root *root,
- unsigned long index, void *item)
+int __radix_tree_insert(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index,
+ unsigned order, void *item)
{
struct radix_tree_node *node;
void **slot;
@@ -468,7 +490,7 @@
BUG_ON(radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(item));
- error = __radix_tree_create(root, index, &node, &slot);
+ error = __radix_tree_create(root, index, order, &node, &slot);
if (error)
return error;
if (*slot != NULL)
@@ -486,7 +508,7 @@
return 0;
}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(radix_tree_insert);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__radix_tree_insert);
/**
* __radix_tree_lookup - lookup an item in a radix tree
@@ -537,6 +559,8 @@
node = rcu_dereference_raw(*slot);
if (node == NULL)
return NULL;
+ if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(node))
+ break;
node = indirect_to_ptr(node);
shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
@@ -624,6 +648,8 @@
tag_set(slot, tag, offset);
slot = slot->slots[offset];
BUG_ON(slot == NULL);
+ if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(slot))
+ break;
slot = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
height--;
@@ -669,6 +695,8 @@
while (shift) {
if (slot == NULL)
goto out;
+ if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(slot))
+ break;
slot = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
@@ -753,6 +781,8 @@
if (height == 1)
return 1;
node = rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[offset]);
+ if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(node))
+ return 1;
shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
height--;
}
@@ -813,6 +843,7 @@
node = rnode;
while (1) {
+ struct radix_tree_node *slot;
if ((flags & RADIX_TREE_ITER_TAGGED) ?
!test_bit(offset, node->tags[tag]) :
!node->slots[offset]) {
@@ -843,10 +874,12 @@
if (!shift)
break;
- node = rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[offset]);
- if (node == NULL)
+ slot = rcu_dereference_raw(node->slots[offset]);
+ if (slot == NULL)
goto restart;
- node = indirect_to_ptr(node);
+ if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(slot))
+ break;
+ node = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
offset = (index >> shift) & RADIX_TREE_MAP_MASK;
}
@@ -944,16 +977,20 @@
if (!tag_get(slot, iftag, offset))
goto next;
if (shift) {
- /* Go down one level */
- shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
node = slot;
slot = slot->slots[offset];
- slot = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
- continue;
+ if (radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(slot)) {
+ slot = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
+ shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
+ continue;
+ } else {
+ slot = node;
+ node = node->parent;
+ }
}
/* tag the leaf */
- tagged++;
+ tagged += 1 << shift;
tag_set(slot, settag, offset);
/* walk back up the path tagging interior nodes */
@@ -1201,11 +1238,20 @@
goto out;
}
- shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
slot = rcu_dereference_raw(slot->slots[i]);
if (slot == NULL)
goto out;
+ if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(slot)) {
+ if (slot == item) {
+ *found_index = index + i;
+ index = 0;
+ } else {
+ index += shift;
+ }
+ goto out;
+ }
slot = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
+ shift -= RADIX_TREE_MAP_SHIFT;
}
/* Bottom level: check items */
@@ -1285,7 +1331,8 @@
/*
* The candidate node has more than one child, or its child
- * is not at the leftmost slot, we cannot shrink.
+ * is not at the leftmost slot, or it is a multiorder entry,
+ * we cannot shrink.
*/
if (to_free->count != 1)
break;
@@ -1301,6 +1348,9 @@
* one (root->rnode) as far as dependent read barriers go.
*/
if (root->height > 1) {
+ if (!radix_tree_is_indirect_ptr(slot))
+ break;
+
slot = indirect_to_ptr(slot);
slot->parent = NULL;
slot = ptr_to_indirect(slot);
@@ -1399,7 +1449,7 @@
unsigned long index, void *item)
{
struct radix_tree_node *node;
- unsigned int offset;
+ unsigned int offset, i;
void **slot;
void *entry;
int tag;
@@ -1428,6 +1478,13 @@
radix_tree_tag_clear(root, index, tag);
}
+ /* Delete any sibling slots pointing to this slot */
+ for (i = 1; offset + i < RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE; i++) {
+ if (node->slots[offset + i] != ptr_to_indirect(slot))
+ break;
+ node->slots[offset + i] = NULL;
+ node->count--;
+ }
node->slots[offset] = NULL;
node->count--;