README: Remove sporadic tabs
Indentation was already done mainly with spaces, so this commit
removes the tabs and makes some of the whitespace more consistent.
Signed-off-by: Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
diff --git a/README b/README
index 7333d2b..9beaed0 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
- Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
+ Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
These are the release notes for Linux version 3. Read them carefully,
as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@
directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
unpack it:
- gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
+ gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
or
- bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
+ bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel.
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@
install by patching, get all the newer patch files, enter the
top level directory of the kernel source (linux-3.X) and execute:
- gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
+ gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
or
- bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
+ bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current
source tree, _in_order_, and you should be ok. You may want to remove
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
process. It determines the current kernel version and applies any
patches found.
- linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux
+ linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux
The first argument in the command above is the location of the
kernel source. Patches are applied from the current directory, but
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@
- Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:
- cd linux
- make mrproper
+ cd linux
+ make mrproper
You should now have the sources correctly installed.
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@
place for the output files (including .config).
Example:
- kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
- build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
+ kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
+ build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
To configure and build the kernel, use:
@@ -161,76 +161,76 @@
- Alternative configuration commands are:
- "make config" Plain text interface.
+ "make config" Plain text interface.
- "make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
+ "make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
- "make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
+ "make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
- "make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
+ "make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
- "make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
+ "make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
- "make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
- your existing ./.config file and asking about
- new config symbols.
+ "make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
+ your existing ./.config file and asking about
+ new config symbols.
- "make silentoldconfig"
- Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
- with questions already answered.
- Additionally updates the dependencies.
+ "make silentoldconfig"
+ Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
+ with questions already answered.
+ Additionally updates the dependencies.
- "make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
- symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
- or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
- depending on the architecture.
+ "make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
+ symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
+ or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
+ depending on the architecture.
- "make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
- Create a ./.config file by using the default
- symbol values from
- arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
- Use "make help" to get a list of all available
- platforms of your architecture.
+ "make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
+ Create a ./.config file by using the default
+ symbol values from
+ arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
+ Use "make help" to get a list of all available
+ platforms of your architecture.
- "make allyesconfig"
- Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
- values to 'y' as much as possible.
+ "make allyesconfig"
+ Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
+ values to 'y' as much as possible.
- "make allmodconfig"
- Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
- values to 'm' as much as possible.
+ "make allmodconfig"
+ Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
+ values to 'm' as much as possible.
- "make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
- values to 'n' as much as possible.
+ "make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
+ values to 'n' as much as possible.
- "make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
- values to random values.
+ "make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
+ values to random values.
You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools
in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.
- NOTES on "make config":
+ - NOTES on "make config":
- - Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
- under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
- nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
+ - Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
+ under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
+ nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
- - Compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
- will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
- kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
+ - Compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
+ will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
+ kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
- - A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
- coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
- never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
- but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
- have a math coprocessor or not.
+ - A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
+ coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
+ never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
+ but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
+ have a math coprocessor or not.
- - The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
- bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
- less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
- break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
- should probably answer 'n' to the questions for
- "development", "experimental", or "debugging" features.
+ - The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
+ bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
+ less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
+ break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
+ should probably answer 'n' to the questions for "development",
+ "experimental", or "debugging" features.
COMPILING the kernel:
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
For this, use "verbose" build mode. This is done by inserting
"V=1" in the "make" command. E.g.:
- make V=1 all
+ make V=1 all
To have the build system also tell the reason for the rebuild of each
target, use "V=2". The default is "V=0".
@@ -320,14 +320,14 @@
- If the bug results in a message like
- unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
- Oops: 0002
- EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX
- eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx
- esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx
- ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx
- Pid: xx, process nr: xx
- xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
+ unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
+ Oops: 0002
+ EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX
+ eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx
+ esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx
+ ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx
+ Pid: xx, process nr: xx
+ xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
or similar kernel debugging information on your screen or in your
system log, please duplicate it *exactly*. The dump may look
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@
the file 'linux/vmlinux'. To extract the namelist and match it against
the EIP from the kernel crash, do:
- nm vmlinux | sort | less
+ nm vmlinux | sort | less
This will give you a list of kernel addresses sorted in ascending
order, from which it is simple to find the function that contains the